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Adults Air cleaners Antibodies BA.4/BA.5 bivalent mRNA vaccines Break through infection Breathing protection CD14+ monocytes - White blood cells Children Exhausted T-cells Immune system Long Covid mRNA Vaccines Other respiratory viruses Other viruses Protection T-cells The Virus Traditional vaccines Transmission Transmission and mitigation Vaccines

COVID-19’s impact on the immune system, and how this may affect subsequent infections

Covid-19 opens up your immune defense for further infections.

https://www.abc.net.au/news/health/2022-12-02/covid-immune-system-infection-virus-rsv-cold-flu-respiratory/101716360

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Adults Antibodies CD14+ monocytes - White blood cells Children Exhausted T-cells HIV & AIDS Immune dysfunction Immune system Long Covid Omicron Similarities with other viruses T-cells

Immunological dysfunction persists for 8 months 

Immunological dysfunction persists for 8 months following initial mild-to-moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection. Considering that a this is what most of those who catch Covid-19 experiences, this is pretty alarming. And since the first Omicron wave, many Europeans and Americans has caught it 2-3 times during 2022. And there is no reson to believe this pattern of repeated infections will change during 2023 without mitigation measures. Catching Covid twice or more per year likely leads to a downward spiral for the immune system.

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41590-021-01113-x

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Adults Antibodies CD14+ monocytes - White blood cells Children Exhausted T-cells Immune system Long Covid Similarities with other viruses T-cells The Virus

COVID-19 causes death of immune cells that are crucial to fight infection

Covid-19 kills and exhausts T-cells and B-cells that form the base for our immune system.

ulaval.cahttps://www.ulaval.ca › … › 2022COVID-19 causes death of immune cells that are crucial to fight infection

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Adults Children HIV & AIDS Immune system Long Covid Omicron Research Similarities with other viruses Study T-cells The Virus

Exhausted T-cells never fully recover

More and more proof sees the light of day that Covid-19 at least to some degree affects T-cells and either kill them or exhaust them. This is bad news as we have a finite number of T-cells and it also means that the more Covid-infections we have, the fewer working T-cell we will have.

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41577-021-00575-2